Debt Collection Laws And Procedure
In practice, debt recovery in Turkey is initiated by Turkish debt collection lawyers who are the local and experienced legal professionals specialized in this field of work, or Turkish Debt Collection Offices who also known as ‘’Debt Collectors’’ in Turkey.
Debt Collection Practice In Turkey
Debt Collection in Turkey, also known as Debt Recovery in Turkey is regulated with Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law No.2004. To reach the law, you may visit https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=2004&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=3
The Beginning Of The Collection
Firstly, the process starts upon the demand of the creditor regarding the collection by the Enforcement Office. Secondly, Enforcement Office sends an official payment order to the debtor. If debtor doesn't object within the 7-day period, then the creditor may have the right to seize the assets of the debtor.
The Annullation Process
Debtor may object the debt and/or the jurisdiction within the 7-day period given by the Law No. 2004. As a result, creditor has to bring the matter to the court demand an annulation of the objection. Statute of limitations for annullation is one year, after Enforcement Office sends the objection to creditor. If there is a mandatory alternative dispute resolution provision such as mediation or arbitration, creditor should apply to the relevant authorities within the given statute of limitations. The court makes its decision based on the evidence provided by the parties. If the court decides in favor of the debtor, debtor eludes the enforcement. If the court decides in favor of the creditor, court annuls the objection creditor shall have the right to seize the assets of the debtor.
After Annullation
After annullation of objection, creditor may demand seizure from the Debt Enforcement Office, by submitting the seizure costs. Upon the demand of the creditor, Enforcement Office seizes the all assets of the debtor. Those assets include bank accounts, vehicles, salaries and real estates.
After seizure, creditor demands from the Enforcement Office for valuation and public auction of the seized assets. Enforcement Office distributes the collected amount among the creditors after the auction.
Antroya is a member of numerous global debt collection organizations, such as FENCA, the Federation of European National Collection Associations, while also being in compliance with the standards of the related international organizations such as ACA and IACC. For further information, you may visit https://antroya.com/practice-area/no-cure-no-pay/ .
Antroya is also a preferred partner of EOS Global, a worldwide debt collection portal for international debt collections. To find information about EOS Global, you may visit https://eos-globalcollection.com/
If you would like to work with one of the best debt collection office in Turkey, feel free to choose Antroya, who handles thousands of enforcement cases that came to our office from around the world, with its staff that experienced and specialized in the area of international debt collection. To see our team, you may visit https://antroya.com/our-team/
Immigration In United States
Main administration on Immigration in United States is U.S Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), along with other administrations such as Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Department of State (DoS) and Department of Labor (DoL). To reach the policies of the USCIS, you may visit https://www.uscis.gov/ . Immigration Law in United States is codified and consolidated in title 8 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and title 8 of the U.S Code, which is enacted and consolidated from Immigration and Nationalization Act (INA). To reach the INA, you may visit https://www.uscis.gov/laws-and-policy/legislation/immigration-and-nationality-act
Similarly, U.S. immigration law and policy divides all individuals seeking to enter the United States generally into two categories: immigrants and nonimmigrants. “Immigrants” are individuals who are intending to remain permanently in the United States.
Immigrant refers to an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence. People granted permanent admission are formally classified as lawful permanent residents (LPRs) and receive a green card. There are three priorities in the INA for immigration purposes: family-based, employment-based and diversity-based priorities.
Nonimmigrant refers to an alien who seeks temporary entry to the United States for a specific purpose. Nonimmigrants include tourists, temporary workers, business executives, students, and diplomats. In almost all cases, nonimmigrants must demonstrate that they have a residence abroad which they have no intention of abandoning.
How To Enter Into United States
The U.S. Department of State issues visas to foreign nationals traveling to the United States through its embassies or consulates. However, you do not need a visa for your business meeting or for vacation if you are a citizen of any of the 39 countries participating in the Visa Waiver Program. For the program, you may visit https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/tourism-visit/visa-waiver-program.html
Your reason for travel will determine the type of visa you need to enter the U.S. When you arrive in the United States, you must show valid travel documents as part of the entry process. Your passport needs to be valid for six months after your travel dates. The documents you need depends on the country you are arriving from and your citizenship or status. For further information, please visit https://www.usa.gov/enter-us
Key Findings About U.S. Immigrants
Immigration in United States is a trending area, ever since the relevant United States Immigration Law provisions began effective. The immigrant population in the United States arises year by year.
Most of the immigrants comes from Mexico, with 11.2% among the total arrivals. With that, 77% of the immigrants in United States are Acquired Citizens, Legal Permanent Residents (LPR’s) or Temporary permanent Residents while almost a quarter is unauthorized to stay in the United States. Today, almost 17% of the labor force in the US is covered by the immigrants. For further informations, you may visit https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics
Immigration Enforcement And Deportation
Immigration enforcement involves the identification, investigation, apprehension, detention, prosecution, and deportation (removal) of foreign nationals who are inadmissible and/or violate U.S. laws and become removable. This area of law encompasses enforcement of not only the INA’s civil provisions as well as its criminal provisions. CBP is responsible for border security where foreign nationals enter at U.S. land, air, and sea ports of entry (POEs) and along U.S. borders between POEs. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is responsible for enforcing immigration laws in the U.S. interior, including worksite enforcement. For further information, you may find the Congressional Research Service Report: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/viewer.html?pdfurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsgp.fas.org%2Fcrs%2Fhomesec%2FR45020.pdf&clen=1275123&chunk=true
Every year, thousands of people around the world tries to fit in at least one of the immigrant priorities. Therefore, due to lack of legal documentation and consultancy, most of the unauthorized immigrants may face deportation. In conclusion, to avoid from the consequences, you may want to work with an Immigration Lawyer in United States.
Antroya is the best place for you to find and work with an Immigration Lawyer, get consultation to avoid deportation, make proper filing and develop a solid ground for the immigration application, get necessary permits regarding residency and labor certification to settle in the United States. To see our services in this field of work, you may visit https://antroya.com/practice-area/immigration-law/
Where To Register A Company?
To register a company in USA ( also known as ''incorporation'' ), you should know the corporate sytem and basic laws in the United States. The United States the corporate system is very diverse, every state has its own provisions regarding incorporation.
Delaware is the most preferred state for incorporations because of its modern laws and courts that specialized on Corporate Law. Today, more than 50% of all US companies have their legal home in Delaware. For further information, you may visit https://corplaw.delaware.gov/why-businesses-choose-delaware/
Corporations
A corporation, sometimes called a C corp, is a legal entity that's separate from its owners. Corporations offer the strongest protection to its owners from personal liability, but require more extensive record-keeping, operational processes, and reporting. Also, cost to form a corporation is higher than other structures. . Corporations pay income tax on their profits.
Corporations have a completely independent life separate from its shareholders. If a shareholder leaves the company or sells his or her shares, the C corp can continue doing business relatively undisturbed.
Corporations can raise funds through the sale of stock, which can also be a benefit in attracting employees. For further information, you may visit https://www.sba.gov/business-guide/launch-your-business/choose-business-structure#section-header-1
S Corporations
This (S Corps) is a special type of corporation that's designed to avoid the double taxation drawback of regular C corps. S corps allow profits, and losses to be passed through directly to owners' personal income without being subject to corporate taxation. There are special limits and critereias on those corporations. You may check the requirements from https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/s-corporations
Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)
The limited liability company (LLC) is a relatively new type of legal entity that provides flexibility. It combines both the advantage of limited liability of a corporation and the tax status of a partnership, i.e. the avoidance of double corporate income tax. The formation procedure is very similar to such of a corporation. It requires a written LLC agreement and a certificate of formation duly filed with the respective state authorities. However, in contrast to the corporation, an LLC can only have a limited term. For further information, you may visit https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/limited-liability-company-llc
Partnerships
Partnerships are the simplest structure for two or more people to own a business together. There are two common kinds of partnerships: limited partnerships (LP) and limited liability partnerships (LLP).
Limited partnerships have only one general partner with unlimited liability, and all other partners have limited liability. Limited liability partnerships are similar to limited partnerships, but give limited liability to every owner. An LLP protects each partner from debts against the partnership, they won't be responsible for the actions of other partners.
Partnerships can be a good choice for businesses with multiple owners, professional groups (like attorneys), and groups who want to test their business idea before forming a more formal business. For further information, you may visit https://www.irs.gov/businesses/partnerships
How To Register A Company
Before setting up your new company, there are some questions that you must answer. Please take a moment to review the checklist below. Setting up a company is fast and easy once these provisions have been determinered:
- Name of the company
- State of incorporation
- Business structure
- Purpose of the company
- Owners and shareholders of the company
- Managers of the company
We may generally describe the main steps of the incorporation procedure:
- Applying to register in that specific state
- Establishing a registered agent with a valid, physical address in the selected state
Antroya, with its countless incorporation filings and years of corporate law experience, may initiate the process for you and provide the consultations regarding where to incorporate, what type of Corporation is the best fit for your needs, and help you understand what are the requirements and benefits for you. To see our services in this field of work, you may visit https://antroya.com/practice-area/company-incorporations/